4Hi vs. 4Lo: What's the Difference and When Should You Use Each? | Capital One Auto Navigator (2024)

When roads are slippery – or there’s no road at all – having the option to choose gear ranges in an off-road vehicle can be the difference between getting stuck and driving away.

By Mark Hacking

Aug 12, 2022

4Hi vs. 4Lo: What's the Difference and When Should You Use Each? | Capital One Auto Navigator (2)Ford

Article QuickTakes:

Among the many jobs given over to computers in modern vehicles is how the engine’s output is distributed to the wheels. Much of the time, it’s microprocessors making the call, operating through safety features like traction control and electronic stability systems.

An exception – where the driver is given manual control – is sometimes seen in pickups and SUVs that are equipped for serious off-road adventures or other poor surface conditions. On these vehicles, there’s typically a choice of selecting high range or low range gearing, as well as two-wheel drive or four-wheel drive, as required by driving conditions. The floor-mounted gear levers used in years past have mostly been replaced by electrical switches, but the choices, which may include an “automatic” setting, are largely up to the driver.

This is a bit different from the all-wheel drive (AWD) systems used in many sports cars, sedans, crossovers, and SUVs. Those AWD systems are usually engaged at all times, with the driver having little control over which wheels are powered.

4Hi vs. 4Lo: What Do They Represent?

The most serious off-road vehicles and work trucks on the market offer a manually adjustable drivetrain with at least two settings — 4Hi and 4Lo — and sometimes third and fourth choices, 2Hi and 4Hi Automatic.

These settings are selected through a mechanical device called a transfer case, which splits engine torque coming from the transmission and sends it to either the rear wheels alone (in the 2Hi setting) or to all four wheels. Transfer cases in vehicles designed for off-road use may also let you lock the split at a 50-50 share so that the front and rear wheels each get equal portions of the engine’s torque.

What are the Advantages of Using 4Hi or 4Lo?

The transfer case contains gears that function like a second transmission. When you select 4Lo, you’re lowering the gear ratio to multiply the amount of torque sent to the driven wheels. On the other hand, 4Hi is for when you want the security of all four wheels being powered, but you’re driving at higher speeds. The advantages of selecting 2Hi over 4Hi include increased fuel efficiency and reduced wear and tear on the front axle components.

If the vehicle has an “automatic” setting, it can be used on any kind of terrain. Automatic modes are ideal for rainy days or in slushy/snowy conditions.

When Should You Use 4Hi and 4Lo?

In simple terms, when conditions are good, or when you’re driving on pavement at higher speeds, use 2Hi. When conditions are slippery – say deeper snow or mud – but you’re driving at typical road speeds, use 4Hi.

Need maximum traction and driving at low speeds? Go to 4Lo.

When you’re trying to move an unusually heavy load, climb a steep incline or get through tricky conditions like deep mud, 4Lo is the best choice. With the transfer case sending more torque to all four wheels, this setting will deliver the oomph needed to get you going. It’s unlikely this setting would ever be used at speeds above 35 mph.

If you’re on a snow-covered freeway or a gravel road in farm country, 4Hi will help you maintain control of the vehicle by sending engine torque to all four wheels. This setting is for when you need all four wheels pulling, but not to pull yourself out of a sticky situation. In many vehicles, you will need to come to a complete stop and engage the transmission’s neutral mode to go into or out of 4Lo.

TAGS4hi4lo4wdoff road vehicleoff roadoff roadingfour wheel driveall wheel driveawd

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Mark Hacking

Mark Hacking is an award-winning writer with more than 20 years experience covering the automotive scene for some of the world's most popular publications. Mark holds an FIA International Race license and has his sights set on competing in the Rolex 24 at Daytona in the future. He was the first automotive journalist to race in the Ferrari Challenge series (in 2013) and the Jaguar I-PACE eTrophy series (in 2019).

4Hi vs. 4Lo: What's the Difference and When Should You Use Each? | Capital One Auto Navigator (2024)

FAQs

4Hi vs. 4Lo: What's the Difference and When Should You Use Each? | Capital One Auto Navigator? ›

When conditions are slippery – say deeper snow or mud – but you're driving at typical road speeds, use 4Hi. Need maximum traction and driving at low speeds? Go to 4Lo.

When to use 4Lo vs 4Hi? ›

4Hi, or 4 High, is for optimizing traction at the cost of power. Unlike 4Lo, 4 Hi should be used when you're dealing with slippery conditions on otherwise good roads, such as ice or rain. 4Hi should never be used below 15 mph. As a result, you should not use 4Hi to try to get unstuck.

When driving in snow, do I use 4H or 4L? ›

4H is the way to go for snowy, icy, muddy, or rocky surfaces, providing better traction and stability. It is also great for moderate off-road conditions with some obstacles or inclines. On the other hand, 4L is intended for extreme off-road conditions such as steep inclines, coarse terrain, and deep mud.

When to use 2H 4H 4L? ›

Four-wheel drive vehicles generally have three settings: 2H, 4L, and 4H.
  1. 2H is ideal for normal, everyday driving. Use 2H for dry, flat, paved roads.
  2. 4L is best suited for a time when you need maximum traction and power. ...
  3. 4H is your go-to setting for driving at normal speeds (30 to 50 MPH), but with additional traction.
Jan 9, 2017

What happens if you drive in 4 low on the highway? ›

Please note that you shouldn't use 4-low for high-speed driving, especially at speeds of more than 35 mph. Doing so could result in damage to your vehicle and costly transmission replacements. Note also that not all SUVs feature a 4-low option.

When should 4 low be used? ›

4-Low is used to provide your truck or SUV with more torque. This setting is ideal for heavy snow or slippery surfaces.

Can you switch to 4H while driving? ›

To do that, first slow down to less than 62 miles per hour, then turn the knob to 4H. If it's colder than 5 degrees Fahrenheit outside, you'll have to slow to less than 43 miles per hour to make the change. In any case, you'll see the 4HI indicator appear in the instrument display.

Can you use 4Hi on the highway? ›

If you're on a snow-covered freeway or a gravel road in farm country, 4Hi will help you maintain control of the vehicle by sending engine torque to all four wheels. This setting is for when you need all four wheels pulling, but not to pull yourself out of a sticky situation.

Can you drive in 4H all the time? ›

4H or 4L modes are only intended for consistently slippery or loose surfaces. Drive slower in strong crosswinds which can affect the normal steering characteristics of your vehicle. When driving your vehicle on surfaces made slippery by loose sand, water, gravel, snow or ice proceed with care.

How fast can I drive in 4 high? ›

You'll likely want to reserve using 4 High in situations where you're going more than 15 MPH but slower than 55 MPH. This mode is meant to apply more traction on snowy or icy roads. You can also use it for off-roading, but it's not meant to be used in normal, dry driving conditions on a road.

How do I switch between 2H and 4H? ›

Before shifting to “4H” while driving, take your foot off the gas. Not accelerating as you're shifting helps the transfer case shifter switch to 4-wheel drive quicker. If your Jeep has a manual transition, press on the clutch pedal as you shift from “2H” to “4H.”

When to use 4H part time? ›

The 4H and 4L positions are intended for loose, slippery road surfaces only and not intended for normal driving. Driving the 4H and 4L positions on hard-surfaced roads will cause increased tire wear and damage the driveline components. You should not go faster than road conditions permit.

When should I put my truck in 4 wheel drive high? ›

You'll likely want to reserve using 4 High in situations where you're going more than 15 MPH but slower than 55 MPH. This mode is meant to apply more traction on snowy or icy roads. You can also use it for off-roading, but it's not meant to be used in normal, dry driving conditions on a road.

When to use H4 and L4? ›

4L is best when you're on icy roads, climbing rocks, crossing water, or powering through deep mud. 4H is more commonly used than 4L, and this setting is beneficial because it allows you to drive up to 55 mph while transferring torque to all four wheels. This setting comes in handy when you need additional traction.

Do you use 4hi or 4LO in sand? ›

Above all, air down -- that will help keep you from getting stuck. packed sand can be driven in 2HI or 4HI, but soft sand may require 4LO.

Is 4a or 4H better for snow? ›

Four-wheel drive high (4H): Provides electronically or mechanically locked 4WD power to both the front and rear wheels. Best used in off-road or winter conditions, such as deep snow, sand or mud.

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