Diagnosing And Understanding The 5 Most Common Steering Issues (2024)

If you’re having issues steering your car – the wheel feels “jerky”, hard to turn, or “sticks”, there could be a wide variety of problems with your steering system. In this article, we’ll take a look at 5 of the most common steering issues, and discuss how you can recognize them. Let’s get started.

1. Low Power Steering Fluid

Low power steering fluid is one of the most common issues that you’ll have as a driver. Your car will need its power steering fluid topped-up every once in a while, to ensure that the hydraulic power steering system continues to function smoothly.

Signs of low power steering fluid include difficulty moving the wheel and steering, and a sluggish response when turning. “Whining” or squeaking when turning may also be present. Luckily for you, this is a simple DIY fix.

Simply pick up some power steering fluid from your local auto parts store, locate your power steering fluid container using your owner’s manual, and check the fluid levels. If they’re low, simply top up the fluid, and you’re good to go!

However, if you continue having steering issues, the problem may be deeper than a low fluid level.

2. Power Steering Fluid Leaks

If you continually add more power steering fluid to your car, but it doesn’t seem to help, you may have a power steering fluid leak. Power steering fluid is not always the same color, but is typically either clear, red, or pink.

Check underneath your car for any leaks. Chances are, if you have a power steering leak, the residue will collect beneath the front of your car. If you do find a leak, you need to take your car to a mechanic, because the leak could originate from a variety of different areas of your vehicle.

3. Failing Steering Rack Mount

Most modern cars use a “rack-and-pinion” steering system. Rack mounting bushings are attached to the steering wheel, and move side-to-side to absorb impacts from the suspension. If the steering rack begins to wear out, you may notice “jerking” of the wheel when going over bumps, inconsistent steering, or “clunking” sounds in the steering column. Clicking or popping noises may also be present.

If you notice these issues, get your car inspected by a professional mechanic right away. You will likely need to replace the bushings, and have the steering rack mount repaired.

4. Damaged Or Worn-Out Power Steering Belt

The power steering belt is turned by a pulley on the crankshaft, and it’s what drives the fluid pump that controls your hydraulic steering. If this belt is worn-down and becomes “slack”, steering may start to feel heavy or jerky,

Sometimes, the belt can be tightened up by a mechanic, but in most cases it must be replaced completely to ensure the proper functionality of your steering system.

5. Bad Strut Bearings Or Tie Rods

If your wheel is “wandering” or straying from a straight line while you drive, you could have issues with your suspension, such as bad strut bearings or tie rods. Wheel “looseness” is also a sign of suspension trouble, as is excessive tire wear, and a suspension that tends to sag and squeak when going across bumps and obstacles.

If you notice these issues, bring your car in for an inspection right away. If your suspension fails or breaks, you could be in serious danger in an emergency situation – and the longer you ignore the problem, the more dangerous it will get.

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Diagnosing And Understanding The 5 Most Common Steering Issues (2024)

FAQs

Diagnosing And Understanding The 5 Most Common Steering Issues? ›

Common steering problems can include: Difficulty in turning the wheel, especially at rest or lower speeds. This may be caused by a problem with power steering, low power steering fluid, a fluid leak, or worn parts. Lack of response from the steering wheel or looseness.

What is the most common steering problem? ›

Common steering problems can include: Difficulty in turning the wheel, especially at rest or lower speeds. This may be caused by a problem with power steering, low power steering fluid, a fluid leak, or worn parts. Lack of response from the steering wheel or looseness.

What is the most common kind of steering failure? ›

Slipped Drive Belt — The drive belt on the power steering pump slipping off is a common problem associated with power steering. This will completely prevent your car from changing direction as there is nothing driving the pump resulting in the loss of fluid pressure.

What are the common steering systems? ›

Your average car or truck likely utilizes a rack-and-pinion steering system. This simple system is made up of two main parts: the rack, a horizontal piece of metal with teeth along the top side, and the pinion gear, a round gear at the end of the steering shaft that interlocks with the teeth of the rack.

What is the most likely cause of steering failure? ›

The most likely cause of steering failure is a loss of power steering. This can happen if a hydraulic pipe breaks or is cut by debris from the road. Even in this eventuality it's unlikely that the power loss would be sudden.

How do you fix steering problems? ›

There's a high chance that the steering fluid is dirty if there are no leaks or air, but the steering is sluggish. Flushing the system and replacing the steering wheel fluid is the solution. Like any other car fluid, you should replace the steering fluid often to extend the life of your power steering.

What is the first step in diagnosing an EPS problem? ›

The best approach to diagnose these systems is to look at the inputs, codes and the network through a scan tool even before a physical inspection of the components.

What should be checked in the steering system? ›

Check mounting points for damage. Rock the steering wheel from side to side and up and down to check for any wobble or abnormal steering effort or noise. If there is excessive movement or an audible clunking or grinding sound, replace the steering column. Inspect for obvious compression of the column jacket.

What are the two 2 most common types of steering systems? ›

There are two main types of steering gears used for most modern vehicles: the rack and pinion steering gear and the recirculating ball steering gear.

Do steering problems happen suddenly? ›

This isn't usually something that happens suddenly. Most of the time it starts with a worn seal slowly starting to wear out and fail or a hose developing a minor flaw. Eventually, these small problems become bigger, and when they become bigger, they cause your pump to fail and your power steering to give out.

What is the basic function of steering system? ›

The basic aim of steering is to ensure that the wheels are pointing in the desired direction to move the vehicle as required. This is typically achieved by a series of linkages, rods, pivots, and gears. One of the fundamental concepts is that of caster angle.

What are the functions of the steer? ›

The steering system allows the driver to guide and manoeuvre the vehicle by controlling the wheels' direction. The steering gives you full control over where your car is pointing at any given moment by linking the movement of the steering wheel to the orientation of the front wheels relative to the vehicle.

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